Python与其他语言进行socket通信¶

如果server和client都是python写的就简单了，网上教程多的是，直接就send recv就行了但是如果client不是python的话，那么发送数据和接收数据的时候就都要考虑socket的报文格式了

import socket, base64, hashlib


def get_headers(data):
    """将请求头转换为字典"""
    header_dict = {}
    data = str(data, encoding="utf-8")

    header, body = data.split("\r\n\r\n", 1)
    header_list = header.split("\r\n")
    for i in range(0, len(header_list)):
        if i == 0:
            if len(header_list[0].split(" ")) == 3:
                header_dict['method'], header_dict['url'], header_dict['protocol'] = header_list[0].split(" ")
        else:
            k, v = header_list[i].split(":", 1)
            header_dict[k] = v.strip()
    return header_dict


def get_data(info):
    payload_len = info[1] & 127
    if payload_len == 126:
        extend_payload_len = info[2:4]
        mask = info[4:8]
        decoded = info[8:]
    elif payload_len == 127:
        extend_payload_len = info[2:10]
        mask = info[10:14]
        decoded = info[14:]
    else:
        extend_payload_len = None
        mask = info[2:6]
        decoded = info[6:]

    bytes_list = bytearray()  # 这里我们使用字节将数据全部收集，再去字符串编码，这样不会导致中文乱码
    for i in range(len(decoded)):
        chunk = decoded[i] ^ mask[i % 4]  # 解码方式
        bytes_list.append(chunk)
    try:
        body = str(bytes_list, encoding='utf-8')
    except UnicodeDecodeError as err:
        return None
    return body

def send_msg(conn, msg_bytes):
    """
    WebSocket服务端向客户端发送消息
    :param conn: 客户端连接到服务器端的socket对象,即： conn,address = socket.accept()
    :param msg_bytes: 向客户端发送的字节
    :return:
    """
    import struct
    token = b"\x81"
    length = len(msg_bytes)
    if length < 126:
        token += struct.pack("B", length)
    elif length <= 0xFFFF:
        token += struct.pack("!BH", 126, length)
    else:
        token += struct.pack("!BQ", 127, length)

    msg = token + msg_bytes
    conn.send(msg)
    return True

sock = socket.socket()
sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
sock.bind(("0.0.0.0", 80))
sock.listen(5)

while True:
    # 等待用户连接
    conn, addr = sock.accept()
    print("conn from ", conn, addr)
    # 获取握手消息，magic string ,sha1加密
    # 发送给客户端
    # 握手消息
    data = conn.recv(8096)

    headers = get_headers(data)

    # 对请求头中的sec-websocket-key进行加密
    response_tpl = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\n" \
                   "Upgrade:websocket\r\n" \
                   "Connection: Upgrade\r\n" \
                   "Sec-WebSocket-Accept: %s\r\n" \
                   "WebSocket-Location: ws://%s%s\r\n\r\n"

    magic_string = '258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11'

    value = headers['Sec-WebSocket-Key'] + magic_string
    ac = base64.b64encode(hashlib.sha1(value.encode('utf-8')).digest())

    response_str = response_tpl % (ac.decode('utf-8'), headers['Host'], headers['url'])

    # 响应【握手】信息
    conn.send(bytes(response_str, encoding='utf-8'))

    # 可以进行通信
    while True:
        data = conn.recv(8096)
        data = get_data(data)
        if data:
            send_msg(conn, b"yujiannan")
            # conn.send(bytes("123",encoding="utf-8"))
            print(data)
            # conn.send(b"111")
        else:
            print("disconnect from ", conn, addr)
            break

Python与其他语言进行socket通信¶

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